Content Genre/Subject Matter: This full-length seated portrait shows three pilgrims from Bahrain, as well as a sheikh from Kabul in Afghanistan. They sit face forward, looking towards the camera, except for the man on the right, who faces slightly to his left and sits on a folding metal chair. The man on the right is dressed in an outer robe over a pale-coloured thawb , a dark-coloured headdress and leather shoes. The moustached man at centre, identified as the sheikh from Kabul, wears a dark-coloured outer robe over a white shirt held by a sash at the waist, a white turban and sandals. The man on the left wears a mid-coloured outer robe about his shoulders and knees, a pale-coloured thawb or shirt and a patterned headdress/turban. He appears to be blind or partially sighted in his left eye. The three men are photographed in a courtyard-like space with foliage visible in the background. The negative has had hand-work applied, causing it to take on a soft-shaded quality in places, in particular, the shirt of the man at centre. Inscriptions: Printed above image, in ink: XX Printed beneath image, in ink: ‘Pilger aus Baẖrain; in der Mitte ein Schēch aus Kabul.’ A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower right corner. Extent and format 1 collotype print Physical characteristics Dimensions: 104 x 138 mm Format: 1 collotype print Condition: The print is in good condition. Foliation: ‘XX’ Written in German in Latin script ÇáãÕÏÑ: åäÇ |
Content Genre/Subject Matter: This full-length seated portrait shows two pilgrims from Zanzibar. They sit face forward: the man on the right looking towards the camera; the man on the left looking downwards. The man on the right is dressed in a dark outer robe over a pale-coloured shirt and a patterned turban. He holds a long slender stick in his right hand. The man on the left wears a mid-coloured outer robe over a pale-coloured shirt and a printed turban. The negative has had hand-work applied, causing it to take on a soft-shaded quality in places, in particular the original background has been substituted completely. Inscriptions: Printed above image, in ink: XX Printed beneath image, in ink: ‘Pilger aus Zanzibar.’ A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower left corner. Extent and format 1 collotype print Physical characteristics Dimensions: 97 x 135 mm Format: 1 collotype print Condition: The print is in good condition. Foliation: ‘XX’ Written in German in Latin script ÇáãÕÏÑ: åäÇ |
Content Genre/Subject Matter: This full-length seated portrait shows two pilgrims from Baghdad. They sit face forward on the ground, looking towards the camera. The man on the right is dressed in a mid-coloured outer robe and a fez-like hat. The man on the left wears a thawb open at the chest or wide-legged trousers. Over his shoulders is a woven striped shawl, possibly a keffiyeh and on his head is a patterned turban. He is barefoot. The two men are photographed in a courtyard-like space with foliage visible in the background and a dark-coloured sheet hanging loosely behind them. The negative has had hand-work applied, causing it to take on a soft-shaded quality in places. Inscriptions: Printed above image, in ink: XX Printed beneath image, in ink: ‘Pilger aus Baghdad.’ A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower right corner. Extent and format 1 collotype print Physical characteristics Dimensions: 97 x 135 mm Format: 1 collotype print Condition: The print is in good condition. Foliation: ‘XX’ Written in German in Latin script ÇáãÕÏÑ: åäÇ |
Content Genre/Subject Matter: This full-length seated portrait shows two men and a boy, described as pilgrims from Mandar (latterly Polewali Mandar, western Sulawesi, an island formerly known as Celebes). They squat face forward on the ground, looking towards the camera. The man on the right is dressed in a dark-coloured jacket and pale robe. He has a printed turban on his head and holds several sheets of paper in his hands. The older man at centre wears a dark-coloured sleeveless jacket, pale-coloured robe and a white turban. The boy on the left wears a pale-coloured hat, shirt and trousers as well as a ring on his right index finger. The three men are photographed in a courtyard-like space with foliage visible in the. Inscriptions: Printed above image, in ink: XXI Printed beneath image, in ink: ‘Pilger aus Mandar (Celébes).’ A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower left corner. Extent and format 1 collotype print Physical characteristics Dimensions: 97 x 135 mm Format: 1 collotype print Condition: The print is in good condition. Foliation: ‘XXI’ Written in German in Latin script ÇáãÕÏÑ: åäÇ |
Content Genre/Subject Matter: This full-length seated portrait shows three pilgrims from Sumbawa (an Indonesian island in the middle of the Lesser Sunda Islands chain). They squat face forward on the ground, looking towards the camera. The man on the right is dressed in a pale-coloured thawb with a dark-coloured scarf over his left shoulder and a printed turban on his head. He wears a ring on the little finger of each hand. The man at centre wears a mid-coloured robe with a striped scarf over his left shoulder and a white turban on his head. The man on the left wears a white thawb and a patterned headdress with a ring on the little finger of his right hand. The three men are photographed in a courtyard-like space with foliage visible in the. Inscriptions: Printed above image, in ink: XXI Printed beneath image, in ink: ‘Pilger aus Sumbáwa.’ A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower right corner. Extent and format 1 collotype print Physical characteristics Dimensions: 98 x 136 mm Format: 1 collotype print Condition: The print is in good condition. Foliation: ‘XXI’ Written in German in Latin script ÇáãÕÏÑ: åäÇ |
Content Genre/Subject Matter: This full-length seated portrait shows three pilgrims from Djapára (Jepara, Java). They sit cross-legged face forward on the ground, looking towards the camera. The man on the right is dressed in a dark shirt with white buttons, patterned batik trousers and a mid-coloured turban. The bearded man at centre wears a pale-coloured shirt, trousers and turban with sandals. The man at left wears mid-coloured jacket with darker lapels and a patterned turban. He wears a ring on the little finger of his right hand. The three men are photographed in a courtyard-like space with foliage visible in the background. Inscriptions: Printed above image, in ink: XXI Printed beneath image, in ink: ‘Pilger aus Djapára (Java).’ A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower left corner. Extent and format 1 collotype print Physical characteristics Dimensions: 104 x 137 mm Format: 1 collotype print Condition: The print is in good condition. Foliation: ‘XXI’ Written in German in Latin script ÇáãÕÏÑ: åäÇ |
Content Genre/Subject Matter: This full-length seated portrait shows three pilgrims from Pasuruan and Malang in eastern Java. They face forward on the ground, looking towards the camera, except for the man on the left, who faces slightly to his left and sits on a folding metal chair. The man on the right is dressed in a pale shirt and batik sarong with a patterned turban and sandals. He holds a piece of paper in his left hand. The man at centre wears a mid-coloured double-breasted shirt buttoned to a high collar as well as a pale cloth about his legs over a checked sarong. On his head he wears a white close-fitting cap and a pale, fringed scarf over his left shoulder and sandals. The man on the left wears a batik sarong, a mid-coloured shirt and shawl, a pale-coloured turban and sandals. The three men are photographed in a courtyard-like space with foliage and a window, fronted by bars, visible in the background. Inscriptions: Printed above image, in ink: XXI Printed beneath image, in ink: ‘Pilger aus Malang and Pasurúan (Java).’ A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower right corner. Extent and format 1 collotype print Physical characteristics Dimensions: 104 x 137 mm Format: 1 collotype print Condition: The print is in good condition. Foliation: ‘XXI’ Written in German in Latin script ÇáãÕÏÑ: åäÇ |
Content Genre/Subject Matter: This full-length portrait shows two men, described as 'begging pilgrims' from Yemen. The man on the left wears a white thawb , turban and sandals. The man on the left wears a dark-coloured thawb and light-coloured turban. A white cloth hangs from his waist and a ring is visible on the little finger of his right hand. Both men hold frame drums (mazhar or tar) before their chests, which show the finger marks where they are struck. The negative has had hand-work applied, causing the image to take on a soft-shaded paint-like quality in places. In particular the original background has been substituted completely. Inscriptions: Printed above image, in ink: XXII Printed beneath image, in ink: ‘Bettelnde Pilger aus Jèmèn.’ A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower left corner. Extent and format 1 collotype print Physical characteristics Dimensions: 139 x 98 mm Format: 1 collotype print Condition: The print is in good condition. Foliation: ‘XXII’ Written in German in Latin script ÇáãÕÏÑ: åäÇ |
Content Genre/Subject Matter: This full-length seated portrait shows a bearded man, described as a pilgrim from Morocco. He sits face forward, looking towards the camera. The man wears a full-length white robe held at the waist with a dark sash, a white turban and shoes. The negative has had hand-work applied, causing the image to take on a soft-shaded paint-like quality in places. In particular the original background has been substituted completely. Inscriptions: Printed above image, in ink: XXII Printed beneath image, in ink: ‘Pilger aus Marokko.’ A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower right corner. Extent and format 1 collotype print Physical characteristics Dimensions: 139 x 98 mm Format: 1 collotype print Condition: The print is in good condition. Foliation: ‘XXII’ Written in German in Latin script ÇáãÕÏÑ: åäÇ |
Content Genre/Subject Matter: This full-length seated portrait shows a bearded Indian pilgrim. He sits face forward, looking towards the camera. The man wears a full-length dark-coloured robe with a white undershirt visible on the left-hand side of his chest. He wears a light-coloured patterned skull cap and holds a walking stick in his clasped hands. The man is photographed in a courtyard-like space with foliage and a window, fronted by bars, visible in the background. Inscriptions: Printed above image, in ink: XXII Printed beneath image, in ink: ‘Indischer Pilger.’ A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower left corner. Extent and format 1 collotype print Physical characteristics Dimensions: 138 x 97 mm Format: 1 collotype print Condition: The print is in good condition. Foliation: ‘XXII’ Written in German in Latin script ÇáãÕÏÑ: åäÇ |
Content Genre/Subject Matter: This full-length portrait shows two men, described as dervishes from Bukhara (Uzbekistan). The man on the right wears a light-coloured tunic held together at the waist by a large fur-edged belt. In his left hand he carries a percussion instrument and in the crook of the same arm what appears to be a woven mat. On his head he wears a fur-edged, peaked hat, made of likely woven cloth. The bearded man on the left wears a ragged patchwork coat, a bag at his right side (the strap crosses across his chest), a dark-coloured bead necklace, a fur-lined hat and a gourd at his left side. In his right hand he holds a long straight wooden instrument, perhaps percussive, and in his left a further percussion instrument. The negative has had hand-work applied, causing the it to take on a soft-shaded paint-like quality in places. In particular the original background has been substituted completely. In addition, the men’s feet have been cut out of the frame. Inscriptions: Printed above image, in ink: XXII Printed beneath image, in ink: ‘Derwische aus Buchara.’ A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower left corner. Extent and format 1 collotype print Physical characteristics Dimensions: 137 x 97 mm Format: 1 collotype print Condition: The print is in good condition. Foliation: ‘XXII’ Written in German in Latin script ÇáãÕÏÑ: åäÇ |
ÕæÑÉ ÇáÔíÎ ÇáÞÇÆÏ áÈÚËÉ ÍÌøÇÌ ãÇáÇí (ÌÒíÑÉ ÊÞÚ ÌäæÈ ÔÑÞ ÂÓíÇ ÊÖã ÃÞÇáíã ÚÏÉ Ïæá Çáíæã) http://ezzman.com/up/do.php?img=4705 Content Genre/Subject Matter: This three-quarter length seated portrait shows a bearded man, described as the leading sheikh for Malay pilgrims. He sits face forward, looking towards the camera. The man wears a mid-coloured outer robe over a striped shirt or thawb and a white turban on his head. The negative has had hand-work applied, causing it to take on a soft-shaded paint-like quality in places. In particular the original background has been substituted completely. In addition, the men’s lower calves and feet have been cut out of the frame. Inscriptions: Printed above image, in ink: XXIII Printed beneath image, in ink: ‘Haupt der Schēche für malaiische Pilger.’ A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower left corner. Extent and format 1 collotype print Physical characteristics Dimensions: 126 x 94 mm Format: 1 collotype print Condition: The print is in good condition. Foliation: ‘XXIII’ Written in German in Latin script ÇáãÕÏÑ: åäÇ |
Content Genre/Subject Matter: This three-quarter length seated portrait shows a bearded man, described as the leading sheikh for Malay pilgrims. He faces right and looks up above the camera. The man wears a dark-coloured outer robe over a shirt or thawb and a white turban on his head. On his left ring finger he wears a ring. In the lower right corner of the scene an out of focus plant can be seen. The negative has had hand-work applied, causing it to take on a soft-shaded paint-like quality in places. In particular the original background has been substituted completely, except for the carpet on which his chair stands. In addition, the men’s feet have been cut out of the frame. Inscriptions: Printed above image, in ink: XXIII Printed beneath image, in ink: 'Schēch für malaiische Pilger' A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower right corner. Extent and format 1 collotype print Physical characteristics Dimensions: 126 x 95 mm Format: 1 collotype print Condition: The print is in good condition. Foliation: ‘XXIII’ Written in German in Latin script ÇáãÕÏÑ: åäÇ |
Content Genre/Subject Matter: This full-length seated portrait shows two pilgrims from Moko-moko (Mukomuko, a regency in Bengkulu province, Indonesia) and nearby Indrapura (in West Sumatra, Indonesia) respectively. The man on the right wears a white outer robe over a button-up shirt or thawb , a white turban on his head and sandals. The man on the left wears a dark-coloured outer robe over a pale-coloured shirt or thawb , a striped turban and sandals. The negative has had hand-work applied, causing it to take on a soft-shaded paint-like quality in places. In particular the original background has been substituted completely, except for the ground on which their chairs stand. Inscriptions: Printed above image, in ink: XXIII Printed beneath image, in ink: ‘Pilger aus Moko-moko und Indrapura. (West-Sumátra.) ' A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower left corner. Extent and format 1 collotype print Physical characteristics Dimensions: 137 x 103 mm Format: 1 collotype print Condition: The print is in good condition. Foliation: ‘XXIII’ Written in German in Latin script ÇáãÕÏÑ: åäÇ |
Content Genre/Subject Matter: This full-length seated portrait shows two men, described as pilgrims from Edi (Idi Rayeuk, a town in Aceh Province, Indonesia). They are seated face forward, looking towards the camera. The man on the right wears light-coloured trousers, a sleeveless embroidered shirt, open at the neck, a striped turban and sandals. He holds another piece of striped cloth across his lap. The man on the left wears a pale-coloured shirt, sleeves rolled up at the elbows, over mid-coloured trouasers and a dark-coloured skull cap. The two men sit on foldable chairs. The negative has had hand-work applied, causing it to take on a soft-shaded paint-like quality in places. In particular the original background has been substituted completely, except for the ground on which their chairs stand. Inscriptions: Printed above image, in ink: XXIII Printed beneath image, in ink: ‘Pilger aus Edi. (Nord- Sumátra.)’ A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower right corner. Extent and format 1 collotype print Physical characteristics Dimensions: 139 x 103 mm Format: 1 collotype print Condition: The print is in good condition. Foliation: ‘XXIII’ Written in German in Latin script ÇáãÕÏÑ: åäÇ |
Content Genre/Subject Matter: This full-length seated portrait shows four men, described as the sheikh of the ‘boat people’ in Jeddah with three fellow guild members. The man on the far right wears a white thawb under an embroidered or printed waistcoat, a striped turban and sandals. He wears a ring on the little finger of his right hand. The man at right of centre wears almost identical clothes, aside from a pale-coloured and printed turban. The older man, left of centre wears white trousers and a white jacket over an embroidered or printed waistcoat and white shirt, sandals, a white turban and what may be a bracelet on his right wrist. The man at far left wears almost identical clothes as the two men on the left, aside from his dark-coloured sasha t the waist, white turban and bare feet. The four men are photographed in a courtyard-like space with foliage and a wooden window or set of doors visible in the background. The negative has had hand-work applied. Inscriptions: Printed above image, in ink: XXIV Printed beneath image, in ink: ‘Schēch der Bootsleute in Djiddah mit drei Zunftgenossen.’ A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower left corner. Extent and format 1 collotype print Physical characteristics Dimensions: 102 x 151 mm Format: 1 collotype print Condition: The print is in good condition. Foliation: ‘XXIV’ Written in German in Latin script ÇáãÕÏÑ: åäÇ |
Content Genre/Subject Matter: This full-length portrait shows a bearded, described as a ‘sweet seller (Djiddah [Jeddah])’. The man stands face forward, looking towards the camera. He holds two corners of a rectangular tray which rests on a three-legged wooden table, made of bound branches. Many sticks topped with bird-like and other shapes stand perpendicular from the tray. A pile of wider stalks can be seen on the left of the tray. One or both of these may be miswak stalks (Plural: masawik ), which are traditionally chewed to sweeten the breath prior to praying. The man wears a white, button-up thawb rolled up at the elbows over white trousers and a white headdress. He has one prominent bandage on his left foot. The man is photographed in a courtyard-like space with plants – some in wide wooden pots – foliage and a window, fronted by bars, visible in the background. Inscriptions: Printed above image, in ink: XXIV Printed beneath image, in ink: ‘Süssigkeitskrämer (Djiddah).’ A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower left corner. Extent and format 1 collotype print Physical characteristics Dimensions: 144 x 98 mm Format: 1 collotype print Condition: The print is in good condition. Foliation: ‘XXIV’ Written in German in Latin script ÇáãÕÏÑ: åäÇ |
Content Genre/Subject Matter: This full-length portrait shows a bearded man, described as a ‘crier and broker (Djiddah [Jeddah])’. He stands face forward, looking toward the camera, his mouth open as if in the act of calling out. In his left hand the man holds one end of a long narrow cane. He wears a ring on the little finger of his left hand. In his right hand he carries an unidentifiable fist-sized object and from his left arm hang various items on cords as well as a chain of flat square shapes. The man wears a dark-coloured, hooded outer robe over a white thawb , white trousers, a white turban and sandals. The straps of what may be a small bag are slung over his left shoulder. The man is photographed in a courtyard-like space with plants – some in wide wooden pots – foliage and a window, fronted by bars, visible in the background. Inscriptions: Printed above image, in ink: XXIV Printed beneath image, in ink: ‘Süssigkeitskrämer (Djiddah).’ A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower right corner. Extent and format 1 collotype print Physical characteristics Dimensions: 144 x 99 mm Format: 1 collotype print Condition: The print is in good condition. Foliation: ‘XXIV’ Written in German in Latin script ÇáãÕÏÑ: åäÇ |
Content Genre/Subject Matter: This full-length seated portrait shows a woman from Mecca. She sits face forward, looking towards the camera. She wears a pale-coloured shirt with decorative details at the cuffs, which is pulled up at the elbows. Around her shoulders and across her lap a translucent black gauze shawl is slung. Underneath this she wears vertically striped trousers. Her headdress is of printed or embroidered material. She wears rings on the little finger of her left hand and on the ring finger of her right hand . The negative has had hand-work applied, causing it to take on a soft-shaded paint-like quality. In particular the original background has been substituted completely, except for the carpet on which her chair stands. Inscriptions: Printed above image, in ink: XXV Printed beneath image, in ink: ‘Mekkanerin’ A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower right corner. Extent and format 1 collotype print Physical characteristics Dimensions: 137 x 96 mm Format: 1 collotype print Condition: The print is in good condition. Foliation: ‘XXV’ Written in German in Latin script ÇáãÕÏÑ: åäÇ |
Content Genre/Subject Matter: This full-length portrait shows two figures, one seated with an infant on his lap and one standing, described as a servant and a eunuch with the child of their master. They all face forward, looking towards the camera. The standing man wears a white thawb or shirt held at the waist with a patterned sash and a patterned turban on his head. The seated man, or eunuch, wears a dark-coloured outer robe with embroidered lapels over a white thawb and a patterned turban. On the little finger of his right hand he wears a ring. The infant wears white trousers and shirt as well as a white hat or bonnet and white slippers. The men are photographed in a courtyard-like space with plants – some in wide wooden pots – foliage and a window, fronted by bars, visible in the background. The negative has had hand-work applied, causing it to take on a soft-shaded paint-like quality in places. Inscriptions: Printed above image, in ink: XXV Printed beneath image, in ink: ‘Lohndiener und Eunuch mit dem Kinde seines Herrn.’ A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower right corner. Extent and format 1 collotype print Physical characteristics Dimensions: 137 x 95 mm Format: 1 collotype print Condition: The print is in good condition. Foliation: ‘XXV’ Written in German in Latin script ÇáãÕÏÑ: åäÇ |
Content Genre/Subject Matter: This full-length seated portrait shows a Meccan woman in bridal attire. She faces forward and looks towards the camera, both her hands held up, palms facing forwards on each side of her body. The most prominent features of the woman’s attire are her imposing headdress and embroidered bib or collar-like piece, which extends from the neck to a width in excess of the woman’s body and then towards her thighs. The piece appears to be made from twisted and embroidered fabrics as well as chains of coins. Two long plaits extend from her neck downwards across this piece before being woven into longer metal wands, appearing to extend the natural length of the hair. A bell is at the end of each. The woman’s robe is likely made of embroidered silk and she wears two thick anklets about her ankles. Tattooed or painted arches extend from the bridge of her nose upwards along her brow bone and down again to her outer brows. The woman is seated on a cushion-strewn seat or divan, covered in a monochrome printed fabric, featuring trees and shrubbery. Beading and an overlapping edge is visible on the upright part of the seat. The negative has had hand-work applied, causing it to take on a soft-shaded paint-like quality in places. Inscriptions: Printed above image, in ink: XXV Printed beneath image, in ink: ‘Mekkanerin im Brautanzug.' A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower left corner. Extent and format 1 collotype print Physical characteristics Dimensions: 136 x 98 mm Format: 1 collotype print Condition: The print is in good condition. Foliation: ‘XXV’ Written in German in Latin script ÇáãÕÏÑ: åäÇ |
Content Genre/Subject Matter: This full-length staged scene depicts two women in their very different public and private attire, as well as hinting at the latter's indoor activity. The woman on the right reclines on a series of stacked embroidered cushions, holding the mouthpiece of a hookah in her left hand. She wears striped trousers with embroidered hems under a jalabiya , pulled up at the elbows. On her head she wears a striped turban; her hair is plaited. She wears a necklace of beads and filigree, a bracelet on each wrist, an armlet of beads as well as an anklet on her right ankle and rings on each of her little fingers. The woman on the left wears hijab in the form of a dark-coloured cloak, striped with white around a white headdress that covers the face and head, except for the eyes. The part of the headdress covering the woman’s forehead is made of a strip of printed or embroidered material. The scene is staged on a carpet, albeit in a courtyard-like space with plants – some in wide wooden pots – foliage, including ivy, and two windows visible in the background. The negative has had hand-work applied, causing it to take on a soft-shaded paint-like quality in places. Inscriptions: Printed above image, in ink: XXV Printed beneath image, in ink: ‘Mekkanerin im Brautanzug.' A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower right corner. Extent and format 1 collotype print Physical characteristics Dimensions: 137 x 97 mm Format: 1 collotype print Condition: The print is in good condition. Foliation: ‘XXV’ Written in German in Latin script ÇáãÕÏÑ: åäÇ |
Genre/Subject Matter: This full-length seated portrait shows six pilgrims from Selajar (commonly: Saleyer) in Indonesia. They squat face forward, looking towards the camera. The man on the far right wears a striped robe, open at the neck and turban. He holds a long, straight stick upright in his left hand and a ring on the little finger of his right hand. The man second from right wears a white shirt and checked sarong with a dark-coloured turban. The man third from right wears a white shirt and trousers embroidered at the hems with a white turban. The man third from left wears a white jelabiya over checked trousers and a white turban. He wears a ring on the little finger of his right hand. The man second from left wears a dark-coloured jacket embroidered at the lapels and white trousers with a printed turban. He also has a rig on the ring finger of his right hand. The man at far left wears a mid-coloured jelabiya and a large white turban. The negative has had hand-work applied, causing it to take on a soft-shaded paint-like quality in places. In particular the original background has been substituted completely, except for the ground on which their chairs stand. The men are photographed in a courtyard-like space with plants – some in wide wooden pots – foliage and a window, fronted by bars, visible in the background. The negative has had hand-work applied, causing it to take on a soft-shaded paint-like quality in places. Inscriptions: Printed above image, in ink: XXVI Printed beneath image, in ink: ‘Pilger aus Selahar (vulgo Saleyar).' A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower left corner. Extent and format 1 collotype print Physical characteristics Dimensions: 196 x 250 mm Format: 1 collotype print Condition: The print is in good condition. Foliation: ‘XXVI’ Written in German in Latin script ÇáãÕÏÑ: åäÇ |
Content Genre/Subject Matter: This full-length seated portrait shows four pilgrims from Pontianak, the capital of Indonesian province of West Kalimantan, on the island of Borneo. The man on the left is described as an Arab from Ḥaḍramawt who is based in Pontianak. They sit face forward on foldable chairs, looking towards the camera. The man on the far right wears a waistcoat over a white mid-coloured shirt or thawb , trousers, sandals and a patterned turban. The man right of centre wears a white thawb over sandals and a patterned turban. He holds a scroll of paper in his hands. The man left of centre wears a button-up waistcoat over a white thawb , sandals and a patterned turban. The man on the far left wears a white thawb , turban and sandals. He holds two scrolls of paper in his left hand and wears a ring on the middle finger of his right hand. The men are photographed in a courtyard-like space with plants – some in wide wooden pots – foliage and a window, fronted by bars, visible in the background. The negative has had hand-work applied, causing it to take on a soft-shaded paint-like quality in places. Inscriptions: Printed above image, in ink: XXVII Printed beneath image, in ink: ‘Pilger aus Pontianak (West Borneo) links ein dort ansässiger Araber aus H̱adhramaut.’ Extent and format 1 collotype print Physical characteristics Dimensions: 193 x 228 mm Format: 1 collotype print Condition: The print is in good condition. Foliation: ‘XXVII’ Written in German in Latin script ÇáãÕÏÑ: åäÇ |
Content Genre/Subject Matter: This full-length portrait shows seven men, described as pilgrims from the Sultanate of Sambas, in modern day Indonesia on the island of Borneo. Six of the men squat face forward, looking towards the camera. The man standing behind them, left of centre is described as the wakeel (representative) of the sheikh. From right to left the men wear: a white thawb and patterned turban; a white outer robe over a dark shirt, a ring on the little finger of his right hand, and a dark, patterned turban; a light-coloured outer robe over a button-up shirt, a patterned turban and rings on the little finger of each hand; a light-coloured button-up thawb , and a mid-coloured turban; a dark coloured waistcoat with embroidered lapels, a white shirt, mid-coloured trousers, rings on the little finger of each hand and a light-coloured turban; white thawb , mid-coloured trousers and dark-coloured turban. The standing man wears a white outer robe over a dark-coloured, striped waistcoast and a white thawb with a light-coloured turban. The men are photographed in a courtyard-like space with plants – some in wide wooden pots – foliage and a window, fronted by bars, visible in the background. The negative has had hand-work applied, causing it to take on a soft-shaded paint-like quality in places. Inscriptions: Printed above image, in ink: XXVIII Printed beneath image, in ink: ‘Pilger aus Sambas (Borneo) hinter den Pilgern steht der Wakil (Bevollmächtigte) des Schēchs.’ A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower left corner. Extent and format 1 collotype print Physical characteristics Dimensions: 187 x 240 mm Format: 1 collotype print Condition: The print is in good condition. Foliation: ‘XXVIII’ Written in German in Latin scriptView ÇáãÕÏÑ: åäÇ |
Content Genre/Subject Matter: This full-length portrait shows ten men, described as pilgrims from Martapura, South Kalimantan, in Indonesia on the island of Borneo. The men squat face forward, looking towards the camera. From right to left the men wear: a white thawb , patterned shawl and turban; a white thawb and a patterned turban; a dark jacket over a white thawb , patterned turban a ring on the little finger of his right hand; a dark jacket and patterned turban; a patterned turban, dark jacket and checked sarong; a patterned turban and white shirt; a dark jacket over a white thawb and patterned turban; a white thawb and patterned turban; a polka-dot shirt and dark turban; a dark jacket over a mid-coloured thawb and turban. The man at centre holds two scrolls in his hands while the man third from left holds some form of handkerchief in his hands. The men are photographed in a courtyard-like space with plants – some in wide wooden pots – foliage and a window, fronted by bars, visible in the background. The negative has had hand-work applied, causing it to take on a soft-shaded paint-like quality in places. Temporal Context: The photograph was taken between September and December 1884, according to Durkje van der Wal in his publication Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje: The First Western Photographer in Mecca, 1884-1885 , Amsterdam : Manfred & Hanna Heiting Fund, Rijksmuseum, 2011, p. 20. This attribution is based on unpublished diaries and correspondence in the Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje Archive, University of Leiden Library. Inscriptions: Printed above image, in ink: XXIX Printed beneath image, in ink: 'Pilger aus Martapura (Süd-Borneo).' A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower left corner. Extent and format 1 collotype print Physical characteristics Dimensions: 192 x 251 mm Format: 1 collotype print Condition: The print is in good condition. Foliation: ‘XXIX’ Written in German in Latin script ÇáãÕÏÑ: åäÇ |
Content Genre/Subject Matter: This full-length portrait shows five pilgrims from Ambon, the Kei (Kai) Islands and Banda (perhaps in Aceh province) in Indonesia as well as a Meccan woman. The men face forward, looking towards the camera, while the woman averts her eyes. From right to left the men wear: a white thawb , dark waistcoat with a metal hoop hanging from the right side and patterned turban; a white turban, dark jacket and white thawb over checked sarong; a white thawb over white trousers and dark turban; a white thawb over white trousers and patterned turban; a white jacket over a checked sarong and white trousers. The man to the far left, the man second from right and the man third from right hold pieces of paper or booklets in their hands. The man second from left holds a scroll in his left hand as well as a dark-coloured umbrella. The man second from right, too, holds a dark umbrella. The Meccan woman wears a mid-coloured dress, perhaps of silk, with white decorative cuffs, with a white striped waistcoat over it and a patterned turban. The waistcoat appears to have two metal hoops on either side of her waist sewn into it. On her feet she wears shoes. The group are photographed in a courtyard-like space with plants – some in wide wooden pots – foliage and a window, fronted by bars, visible in the background. The negative has had hand-work applied, causing it to take on a soft-shaded paint-like quality in places. Inscriptions: Printed above image, in ink: XXX Printed beneath image, in ink: 'Pilger aus Ambon, Kei und Banda. links der Sohn eines Ambonesen mit einer Mekkanerin.’ A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower left corner. Extent and format 1 collotype print Physical characteristics Dimensions: 196 x 247 mm Format: 1 collotype print Condition: The print is in good condition. Foliation: ‘XXX’ Written in German in Latin script ÇáãÕÏÑ: åäÇ |
Content Genre/Subject Matter: This full-length seated portrait shows three pilgrims from the island of Batjan (Bacan) in the Molucca Sea, Indonesia. One is described as the son of the Sultan, another the uncle of the prince and the third ‘a priest’. The men face forward, looking towards the camera. The man on the right wears a white thawb held at a sash at the waist, a mid-coloured jacket, white turban bad shoes. He holds a dark-coloured umbrella in his left hand and a handkerchief in his right. The man at centre wears a white thawb and white trousers, a white turban, dark-coloured jacket, decorated at the hem and leather shoes. He wears a ring on the ring finger of his right hand. The man on the left wears a dark coloured outer robe over a white thawb , a white turban and sandals. The men are photographed in a courtyard-like space with plants – some in wide wooden pots – foliage and a window, fronted by bars, visible in the background. The negative has had hand-work applied, causing it to take on a soft-shaded paint-like quality in places. Inscriptions: Printed above image, in ink: XXX Printed beneath image, in ink: 'Pilger aus Batjan (Molukken) Sohn des Sultans, Oheim des Prinzen und ein Priester.’ A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower left corner. Extent and format 1 collotype print Physical characteristics Dimensions: 195 x 245 mm Format: 1 collotype print Condition: The print is in good condition. Foliation: ‘XXX’ Written in German in Latin script ÇáãÕÏÑ: åäÇ |
Content Genre/Subject Matter: This full-length seated portrait shows four pilgrims from the Ternate Sultanate, an island in the Maluku Islands that is part of latter-day Indonesia. The men face forward, looking towards the camera. The two at centre are seated while the other two squat either side of their chairs. The man on the right wears a white jacket and sarong over a button-up waistcoat, a white turban and a ring on the little finger of his right hand. The man right of centre wears a white jacket over a printed or embroidered button-up waistcoat, white sarong, trousers and turban, leather shoes and a ring on the little finger of his right hand. The man left of centre wears a white thawb under a printed or embroidered button-up waistcoat (identical to the man on his left), sandals, white trousers and turban, and a ring on the little finger of his right hand. He holds a handkerchief in his left hand. The man on the left wears black trousers a white shirt and printed turban. The men are photographed in a courtyard-like space with plants – some in wide wooden pots – foliage and a window, fronted by bars, visible in the background. The negative has had hand-work applied, causing it to take on a soft-shaded paint-like quality in places. Inscriptions: Printed above image, in ink: XXXII Printed beneath image, in ink: ‘Pilger aus Ternate.’ A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower left corner. Extent and format 1 collotype print Physical characteristics Dimensions: 187 x 240 mm Format: 1 collotype print Condition: The print is in good condition. Foliation: ‘XXXII’ Written in German in Latin script ÇáãÕÏÑ: åäÇ |
Content Genre/Subject Matter: This full-length seated portrait shows four pilgrims from Palembang, the capital city of South Sumatra province in Indonesia. They squat face forward on the ground, looking towards the camera. The man on the right wears a white robe, turban and sandals. The man right of centre wears a white jacket over a white robe, a dark-coloured turban and sandals. The man left of centre wears a white shirt, pale-coloured trousers, a white turban and sandals. The man on the left wears a mid-coloured thawb a dark-coloured turban and sandals. The men are photographed in a courtyard-like space with plants – some in wide wooden pots – foliage and a window, fronted by bars, visible in the background. The negative has had hand-work applied, causing it to take on a soft-shaded paint-like quality in places. Inscriptions: Printed above image, in ink: XXXIII Printed beneath image, in ink: ‘Pilger aus Palembang.’ A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower left corner. Extent and format 1 collotype print Physical characteristics Dimensions: 190 x 245 mm Format: 1 collotype print Condition: The print is in good condition. Foliation: ‘XXXIII’ Written in German in Latin script ÇáãÕÏÑ: åäÇ |
Content Genre/Subject Matter: This full-length seated portrait shows five pilgrims from Korintji (Koerintji) in Indonesia and a sixth man described as a sheikh who comes from Korintji. They sit or squat face forward, looking towards the camera. From right to left the men wear: a white thawb and white skull cap; a pale-coloured shirt, checked trousers and white turban; white thawb and turban; dark jacket, white button-up shirt, checked turban and a ring on the little finger of his right hand; white thawb , turban and a ring on the little finger of his right hand; white shirt under a striped waistcoat, white trousers, hat and a ring on the little finger of his right hand. All five men at the front hold pieces of paper in their hands while the man second from right holds a cloth in this left hand. The men are photographed in a courtyard-like space with plants – some in wide wooden pots – foliage and a window, fronted by bars, visible in the background. The negative has had hand-work applied, causing it to take on a soft-shaded paint-like quality in places. Inscriptions: Printed above image, in ink: XXXIV Printed beneath image, in ink: ‘Pilger aus Korintji (Sumátra); der hinter ihnen sitzende Schēch stammt auch aus Korintji.’ A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower left corner. Extent and format 1 collotype print Physical characteristics Dimensions: 187 x 246 mm Format: 1 collotype print Condition: The print is in good condition. Foliation: ‘XXXIV’ Written in German in Latin script ÇáãÕÏÑ: åäÇ |
Content Genre/Subject Matter: This full-length seated portrait shows thirteen pilgrims from Mandaïling, Indonesia. They squat face forward, looking towards the camera. All the men wear white or patterned turbans, except for the man at far right who wears a skull cap. They also all wear white shirts, thawbs or dark jackets, trousers and sandals. Two of the men (third and sixth from left) wear checked or patterned shawls. All eight men whose hands are visible hold piece of folded paper or scrolls. The men are photographed in a courtyard-like space with plants – some in wide wooden pots – foliage and a window, fronted by bars, visible in the background. The negative has had hand-work applied, causing it to take on a soft-shaded paint-like quality in places. Inscriptions: Printed above image, in ink: XXXV Printed beneath image, in ink: ‘Pilger aus Mandaïling (Sumátra).’ A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower left corner. Extent and format 1 collotype print Physical characteristics Dimensions: 179 x 250 mm Format: 1 collotype print Condition: The print is in good condition. Foliation: ‘XXXV’ Written in German in Latin script ÇáãÕÏÑ: åäÇ |
Content Genre/Subject Matter: This full-length portrait shows four pilgrims from Aceh, Indonesia with two ‘wakeels’, presumably the men standing in the background. They all face forward, looking towards the camera. The man on the right wears a white open shirt, dark-coloured trousers, sandals and a dark coloured fez-like hat. The standing man second from right wears a white turban and thawb with a sash at his waist, a mid-coloured waistcoat and a shawl slung over his left shoulder. The seated man third from right wears a striped waistcoat over a white thawb , checked trousers and a white shawl slung over his left shoulder. The seated man third from left wears a white shirt, dark-coloured trousers and a white turban. The standing man second from left wears a white thawb , turban and patterned waistcoat. The man at left wears a white thawb , dark-coloured waistcoat, checked shawl and mid-coloured turban. The men are photographed in a courtyard-like space with plants – some in wide wooden pots and barrels – foliage and a window, fronted by bars, visible in the background. The negative has had hand-work applied, causing it to take on a soft-shaded paint-like quality in places. Inscriptions: Printed above image, in ink: XXXVI Printed beneath image, in ink: ‘Pilger aus Gross-Atjeh mit zwei „Wakil’s.“’ A circular 'British Museum' blind stamp is located in the lower left corner. Extent and format 1 collotype print Physical characteristics Dimensions: 188 x 235 mm Format: 1 collotype print Condition: The print is in good condition. Foliation: ‘XXXVI’ Written in German in Latin script ÇáãÕÏÑ: åäÇ |
ÑÓæãÇÊ áÃÏæÇÊ æÃæÇäí ÔÇÚ ÇÓÊÚãÇáåÇ Ýí ÇáãÌÊãÚ Çáãßí ÂäÐÇß¡ ÇáÑÓæãÇÊ ãÞÊÈÓÉ ãä ÇáÕæÑ ÇáÓÇÈÞÉ http://ezzman.com/up/do.php?img=4727 Content Genre/Subject Matter: This lithographic print shows objects and utensils in common use in Mecca. The items are drawn from the collection of Christiaan Snouck Hugronje and the illustration was printed by Pieter Willem Marinus Trap, the lithographic printer of the journal Internationales Archiv für Ethnographie . The objects are itemised in the list of plates at the beginning of the volume. Each object is identified by a number, which refers to elements in this list. The information in square brackets has been taken from a contemporaneous essay by Snouck Hurgronje entitled ‘Ethnographisches aus Mekka’, which was published in Internationales Archiv für Ethnographie , Vol. I, Leiden, 1888. They are as follows: 1 Ghèllājah (Wasserkrug) [Water pitcher. Made of grey, porous clay with handle and spout; wooden lid. The decoration consists of teeth-like elevations and incised dashes. The vessel is filled from a large, clay barrel, which contains the water reserved for household needs, so that an amount of cool drinking water is always available. From this vessel one pours the water into smaller pitchers and from the latter into drinking vessels. Instead of lids, one probably places a thin white cloth, for the purpose of filtering the poured water.] 2 Dōraq (Krug für Zemzemwasser) [Pitcher for Zemzemwater, made of ‘grey porous clay’, with handle. ‘In the mouth of the jug is a plug made of tree fibres, the same type used as a sponge with which to wash the body; here the material is used to filter the holy water. Hundreds of full Dauraqs are to be found around the mosque and those who serve the Zemzem water pour the water from such pitchers for their customers.’] 3, 5, 6 Schèrbah’s (Wasserkrüge) [Vase-shaped pitcher with earthenware cover. Apart from its use as a water pitcher, this vessel is used especially during the months of Ramadan in mosques at the end of a period of fasting. It is also placed before visitors to the mosque alongside a jug of Zemzem water and contains chilled water, into which fruits, especially Mulberries, are placed, so that the water tastes the same.] 4 Ibrīq (Wasserkanne für Ablutionen) [Made of grey, porous clay. Ribs around the bell. Handle and spout. The Ibrīq is filled with water and used for the purpose of ritual washing and cleaning after performing natural needs. The Ibrīq is sometimes also made used for washing the hands after eating, for which most often a copper Ibrīq and bowl are used.] 7 Qullah (Wasserkrug) [Vase-shaped water-pitcher. Made of similar material to the Ibrīq (grey, porous clay), decoration similar to that found on the Ghèllājah ; also, on the neck and on the upper half of the walls of the bell, oblique and vertical deep incisions. Wooden lid.] 8 Rub’ī (Wasserkrug ; die Form gilt als specifisch mekkanisch) [Vase-shaped water-pitcher with two opposing handles at the junction between the neck and the bell. Wooden lid, which ends in a long, round spigot that fits into the neck of the pitcher.] 9 Kānūn (Kohlenfass aus Thon; dient als tragbarer Ofen) [Coal-barrel, made from red clay on three, even legs, that join at a bowl-shaped, round foot. The exterior is painted in various colours but not glazed. The shape on the whole is irregular. These and similar vessels serves as portable stoves for cooking food outside the actual kitchen, where brick kilns are used.] 10 Mènqèl (irdenes Becken zum Vorbrennen von wohlriechendem Holz) [Cup-shaped, earthenware basins. The round base is hollowed out from below, the sides painted in different colours, though not glazed. Used for burning grafrant wood, such as aloe or for smoking the Qafal that is used for drinking water; one holds the empty drinking jug upside over it before filling. Clothes or even the whole body can be smoked over it.] 11, 12 Schèrbah’s (Kaffeekrüge der Beduinen) [Bedouin coffee pitcher. With a wide base, high, narrow neck and handle. Material: reddish clay, coloured on the outside reddish-brown, though not glazed with ornamentation in blackish grey-brown colour. Neck-opening with spout.] 13 Findjān (Kafeenäpfchen der Beduinen) [Bedouin coffee saucer. Of yellowish clay with greenish glaze. Similar vessels larger in size serve as butter dishes.] 14, 15 Muschṯ ẖaqq èr - ridjāl und M. ẖaqq el-ẖarīm (Männer- und Frauenkamm) [Man’s comb. The top edge with transverse grooves. The material is sold under the name of ‘sandalwood’. Woman’s comb. On each side there is a hole for the fingers. Grooved pattern along the middle of the comb. The material is sold as aloe wood, but is usually only perfumed.] 16 Medakk (hölzernes Einziehestäbchen, womit die Dikkeh in die Koulisse der Beinkleider gebracht wird) [Wooden feeding-stick. Painted in bright colours with a hole at the upper end. The ‘ Dikkèh ’ (the [waist-]band with which the trousers are pulled together at the middle of the body and fastened) is threaded through this hole and in this way the ‘ Dikkèh ’ is in turn threaded into the Koulisse (Bêt èd-dikkèh) or sliding seam.] 17 Mibcharah (Weihrauchbecken) [Made from brass with a lid, which pivots from a hinge on the handle itself. The lid has six round holes. The base is hollowed out. Such vessels with burning incense are held up for the departing guests with which to smoke the hands upon bidding farewell. ] 18 Merassch (Vase zum Besprengen mit Rosenwasser) [Vase made of frosted glass (Bohemian in style) with long, thin neck and decorated with gold. In the mouth of the vase is a glass pipe which is secured by means of a screw thread. Used for sprinkling departing guests with rosewater.] 19 Qèdaẖ (hölzerne Trinkschale) [Drinking bowl of brown wood. Decoration consists of pins of soft, white metal driven into [the outside]. Near to the edge a row of brass pins with large, round heads, such as those found in the centre of the base on the inside. Meccans drink out of such bowls often, in so far as they don’t pay homage to the ‘new style’ of glass dishes.] The number ‘19’ appears erroneously adjacent to two of the objects, at right and left, while ‘9’ is omitted. A note at the foot of the itemised list of plates explains that the ‘19’ on the left is an error and should refer to number ‘9’. Inscriptions: Printed above image, in ink: XXXVII Printed beneath image, in ink: Lower right corner: ‘ex. coll. auct.’ Lower left corner: ‘P.W.M. Trap exc.’ Extent and format 1 lithographic print Physical characteristics Dimensions: 250 x 200 mm Format: 1 lithographic print Condition: The print is in good condition. Foliation: ‘XXXVII’ Written in German in Latin script ÇáãÕÏÑ: åäÇ |
Content Genre/Subject Matter: This lithographic print shows objects and utensils in common use in Mecca. The items are drawn from the collection of Christiaan Snouck Hugronje and the illustration was printed by Pieter Willem Marinus Trap, the lithographic printer of the journal Internationales Archiv für Ethnographie . The objects are itemised in the list of plates at the beginning of the volume. Each object is identified by a number, which refers to elements in this list. The information in square brackets has been taken from a contemporaneous essay by Snouck Hurgronje entitled ‘Ethnographisches aus Mekka’, which was published in Internationales Archiv für Ethnographie , Vol. I, Leiden, 1888. They are as follows: 1 Zèmbil (Marktkörbchen) [Market basket. Zigzag-shaped wickerwork palm leaf strips with two handles opposite one another at the centre of the edge, which is secured with braided black wool. These baskets are to be found in various sizes, the larger ones usually have a flat base.] 2 Mèknasah (Teppichbesen aus Palmblättern) [Carpet brush; this two-sided bristles of palm leaf are bent towards each other and bound together so that the bristles the brush and the middle-ribbing form the handle.] 3 Mekkabbah (Deckel für Schüsseln oder teller, die, mit Speisen gefüllt, von Haus zu Haus oder in die Moschee getragen warden) [Hat-shaped cover. The spiralling wicker-work of palm leaf strips are braided over a thin hoop. Strips of different coloured wool are drawn through the wickerwork near the edge of to form a fringe-like embellishment. In addition, short, narrow strips of silk and wool are affixed by sewing them on near the edge. ‘Would be used to cover a bowl or metal plate when one wants to send such a vessel, filled with food, to friends or neighbours, for example because one cannot accept an invitation to dinner.’] 4 Quffah (Körbchen zum Mitnehmen von Speisen) [Cylinder-shaped basket with a covering lid that is attached by means of a cord threaded through two opposite points. Zigzag-shaped wickerwork of palm leaf strips into which short tassels of variously-coloured wool are worked in as embellishment. Children take such baskets of food to school. They also serve to carry dates, bread and the like, which are taken to mosques by the faithful for evening worship during the fasting month to enjoy after sunset as the first refreshment.] 5, 5a Mèrwaẖaj (aus Palmblättstreifen geflochtener Fächer) [Four-sided fan; zigzag-shaped wickerwork of narrow palm leaf strips. As a handle the stem of a palm leaf. The embellishments are formed of squares of numerous, convening holes, irregular six or four-sided in shape.] 6 Qubqāb (hölzerner Stelzschuh, in dieser Form von Weibern getragen) [Wooden sandal with flower-deocration in red, yellow and silver and a row of bisected yellow diamonds along the central axis, on a green background. This form of shoe is worn primarily by women, un-coloured Qubqābs are made use of by both sexes in the bathroom (and privy); because going barefoot is not recommended but leather footwear would be damaged by the running water.] 7 Madās mèkkāwi (mekkanische Sandale) [Mekkan Sandal, the upper side is decorated by rows of gold and silver thread tracery in rows across the transverse strap and yellow, red and green leather straps. Tiny green leather strips wind around the upper end of the peg that rests between the toes. Flaps of black, green, reddish and yellowish wool are attached to the middle of a second, adjacent strap. The name is only used by convention; no less frequently is the Madās mèdèni worn. Perhaps the origin of the form survives in the name.] 8 Madās mèdèni (medinensische Sandale; nicht weniger als die vorhergehende Form in Mekka getragen) [Medina Sandal. Almost identical to the previous, except with only one transverse strap with half-heart shaped flaps of variously-coloured wool fabric at the middle of the upper side. The leather peg is [decorated] as in the previous type. The inner part of the upper side of the sole is sewn with golden strips at the front edge. As to the meaning of the name, see above.] 9, 10 Kursī’s (Tischchen zum Daraufstellen grosser metallener Teller mit Speisen) [Octagonal table: at each corner the table top meets one of the columnar legs of the table. Below the table top column-like bars at an angle as well as knobs form a grill. Lengths of semi-oval slat are attached to the table top itself, along each edge. The legs, the latticework and the slats are painted in various bright colours, the brown-wooden sheet is unpainted. A large metal plate is places onto such a table; food (e.g. rice with meat) is either directly placed onto it, or in various dishes. Such tables serve also serve to display beautiful copper objects (e.g. cans, Jassen) as showpieces.Rectangular table: a portion of the upper end of the four pillar-shaped legs are painted in various bright colours (marbled), the grill consists simply of vertical columns. Otherwise, apart from in form, identical with the above.] 11, 12 Raẖl’s (Lesepulte, resp. aus Holz und aus Palmblattstielen; vorzüglich zu Uebungen im Qurānrecitieren gebraucht) [Lectern of brown wood; both the feet and the desk are formed of a piece each, which are movable due to the hinge at the mid-point of their length. The feet are carved up-to-date, the outer sides of the lectern with carving in base-relief. Used namely by boys learning to recite the Qur’an. Lectern made of palm leaf stalks; the crossbars are inserted through holes in the long bars.] 13 Qalaç (lederne Mäklertasche zum Aufnehmen kleiner, dem Dèllāl zum Verkauf übergebener Gegenstände) [Leather trader’s bag. The exterior is decorated with many leather strips, which are brought together to form tassels and cords, and are decorated with strung beads of white metal. At the upper edge of the bag, six leather loops, through which a belt passes, by means of which the bag is closed. In actual fact, for the dealer, who is connected with practically every type of sale, such a bag serves to store small items (jewellery etc.) entrusted to the trader to sell; even when the bag is empty, the trader wears the bag over his shoulder, as a sort of attribute of his trade.] Inscriptions: Printed above image, in ink: XXXVIII Printed beneath image, in ink: Lower right corner: ‘ex. coll. auct.’ Lower left corner: ‘P.W.M. Trap exc.’ Extent and format 1 lithographic print Physical characteristics Dimensions: 250 x 200 mm Format: 1 lithographic print Condition: The print is in good condition. Foliation: ‘XXXVIII’ Written in German in Latin script ÇáãÕÏÑ: åäÇ |
Content Genre/Subject Matter: This lithographic print shows objects and utensils in common use in Mecca. The items are drawn from the collection of Christiaan Snouck Hugronje and the illustration was printed by Pieter Willem Marinus Trap, the lithographic printer of the journal Internationales Archiv für Ethnographie . The objects are itemised in the list of plates at the beginning of the volume. Each object is identified by a number, which refers to elements in this list. The information in square brackets has been taken from a contemporaneous essay by Snouck Hurgronje entitled ‘Ethnographisches aus Mekka’, which was published in Internationales Archiv für Ethnographie , Vol. I, Leiden, 1888. They are as follows: 1, 2 Schèrbah’s (hölzerne Wasserkrüge) [Wooden, vase-shaped pitcher with lid. The outside is painted in bright colours; the individual colour-bands are interspersed with decorative bands of yellow. The the majority of the decoration is formed by removing the varnish in the form of the intended design, forming a kind of incised decoration. The wide neck is painted green. As regards use, [cf. 1781.b.6/72] the same use for the wooden as for the clay pitchers apples. Note: the wood is actually more than decorative; for that very reason, because they do not cool the water, they are less useful. [Example 2:] Similar to the previous. The bell is larger the inner side of the neck painted red. The decorated is produced in the same way.] 3, 4 Barrādijjeh’s (hölzerne Wasserkrüge) [Wooden water pitcher, only slightly narrowing from base to lid, with a very gentle contraction beneath the rim of the opening. Inside the neck a sieve-like sheet in the centre of which a large six-pointed star is cut out. The lid finds its centre in a tall knob, from whose tip and in a ring thereabouts wooden beads are attached to helical springs. Decoration is as in the previous. [Example 4:] Similar to the previous. On the inside of the neck there is a sieve-like punctuated wooden disc attached. Wooden objects such as this are beginning to be discussed, and similarly painted items have been received by the Ethnographic Imperial Museum from Calcutta. The decorations, however, are not incised but rather painted with colours. Extending from the edges, with partly round, partly star-shaped holes. The upper side of the sieve and the inner part of the neck that lies over it are painted red, as well as the concave underside of the lid.] 5 H̱uqq (hölzerne Dose zur Aufbewahrung kleiner Gegenstände) [Wooden box with lid whose lower edge is wider than walls of the box. The interior of the boc and the lid are painted a dirty light green. For the safekeeping of small objects of various kinds.] 6 Kās oder Kāsah (Trinkbecher) [Wooden drinking cup with tapering wall, from top to bottom. Base and inner side red, the external sides various colours, with metallic reflex. Used for drinking water or Sherbet. ] 7 H̱uqq (hölzerne Dose) [Spherical box with colourful marbled markings, which are distributed thoughout fields between red and purple coloured bands, which run across the sphere. Although the centre of the belt, a bat-shaped decoration, produced by the scraping away of a portion of the paint. The box opens in the middle. 8 Qaçabah (hölzernes Gestell zur Aufnahme eines Wasserkruges) [Wooden frame, used for holding a water pitcher. Between three, diagonally tapering, pillar-like legs, which narrow towards one another at the top, at the base a wooden lattice-work consisting of small knobs and buttons attached between parallel crossbars. Wooden acorns hang from the lower crossbars. On the inner side of the lattice-work a wooden ball is formed, into which a pitcher would rest, when placed there. The upper ends of the legs are attached into holes in the clay underside of the barrel-shaped head, which, at the top, forms into a vase-shape. On the lower edge of the head, are six wooden knobs. Between each pair of legs is a pillar-shaped rod with knob-like protrusions to the right and left of the middle of its length, and with a wooden acorn hanging from the lower end. In the middle of the upper end of the head is an iron eyelet onto which an iron ring and iron hook are attached, by which means the rack is hung onto the wall of a room. Painting etc. can be seen in the illustration. Racks that serve the same purpose, called mirfa’ are placed on the ground and are usually four-footed.] Inscriptions: Printed above image, in ink: XXXIX Printed beneath image, in ink: Lower right corner: ‘ex. coll. auct.’ Lower left corner: ‘P.W.M. Trap exc.’ Extent and format 1 lithographic print Physical characteristics Dimensions: 250 x 198 mm Format: 1 lithographic print Condition: The print is in good condition. Foliation: ‘XXXIX’ Written in German in Latin script ÇáãÕÏÑ: åäÇ |
Content Genre/Subject Matter: This lithographic print shows objects and utensils in common use in Mecca. The items are drawn from the collection of Christiaan Snouck Hugronje and the illustration was printed by Pieter Willem Marinus Trap, the lithographic printer of the journal Internationales Archiv für Ethnographie . The objects are itemised in the list of plates at the beginning of the volume. Each object is identified by a number, which refers to elements in this list. The information in square brackets has been taken from a contemporaneous essay by Snouck Hurgronje entitled ‘Ethnographisches aus Mekka’, which was published in Internationales Archiv für Ethnographie , Vol. I, Leiden, 1888. They are as follows: 1 Schèrbah (hölzerner Wasserkrug) [Wooden water pitcher, vase-shaped; the interior of the neck opening red.] 2 Rub’ī (hölzerner Wasserkrug) [Wooden water pitcher, vase-shaped; with narrow neck that is less than half as narrow as the above and the interior is red. Bell with metallic reflex.] 3 Mèschrab (hölzerner Becher mit Untersatz und Deckel) [Wooden vessel with stand and lid. Interior of the lid and the bowl, as well as the underside of the base painted red. Exterior green marbled. Decoration incised by the same method described previously [cf. 1781.b.6/74]. Used for drinking Sherbet.] 4 H̱uqq (Dose mit Deckel) [Wooden box with lid, whose lower edge protrudes over the walls of the box. The interior of the box and lid are painted a dirty light green. Used for keeping small objects of different kinds.] 5 Ṯasah oder Mèschrab (hölzerne Trinkschale) [Wooden drinking cup. Inner side light gray green, the border coloured yellow. Exterior bluw with yellow decorations as described previously [cf. 1781.b.6/74] and two red bands.] 6, 7 Findjān und Ẕarf (hölzerne Kaffeetasse und becherförmige, dazu gehörende Untertasse) [ Findjān : Bedouin coffee saucer. Of yellowish clay with greenish glaze. Similar vessels larger in size serve as butter dishes. Ẕarf : Coffee cup, light brown wooden saucer, for holding a coffee cup [7] of the same material. The exterior of each well polished.] 8 Kātah (kleiner Becher mit Deckel) [Cup with lid of brown, polished wood in the form of a flass. The edges of the cup are edged by a narrow yellow-line. The material is thought to be Aloe wood.] 9 Mèschrab (messingene Trinkschüssel; in der Mitte einer Art Pfeiler, von dessen Rande einige messingene Amulete herabhängen) [Brass bowl. From the centre a kind of column rises so that a second, smaller bowl rotates, on the edge of which many small bits of brass (amnulets) hang down. On the inner side of the bowl are engraved characters. Similar in form, (without the amulets) are the cups from which one may drink Zemzem water at the mosque.] 10 Schīschah (Wasserpfeife) [Waterpipe consisting of a brass tripod onto which a coconut rests, from which a brass-studded pipe leans out to one side and serves to receive the hose. The coconut is mounted with brass at both ends; the lower end is an upturned cone-shaped tip with a thick knob at the end. With this the pipe rests onto the footpiece. The upper part of the brass coconut, which is connected to the lower part by vertical strips of brass that extend over the wooden, brass-studded tube, out of whose upper end the black,-glazed earthenware head of the pipe is inserted. The hose is made of leather, over which thin copper wire is woven and then covered with wood. To connect the pipe a black, painted wooden tube is secured at one end while the other holds the wooden, mouthpiece.] 11 Elf Amulete aus vergoldetem Silber a vier (buchförmige) Chatmah’s zur Aufnahme von Qurānsprüchen usw. b zwei Heikal’s c zwei Lōẖ’s mit Sprüchen e ein Ischm , zur Aufnahme eines Edelsteines [Eleven silver plated amulets on a silver-gilt chain, wherein eyelets are to be found on the upper edge while small bells hang. There are four instances of two identical shapes, so that in total seven different forms are represented as follows: a four in the in the form of a book with a cover ( Chatmah ), actually intended to reveal quotations from the Qur’an b two in roll-form with rounded ends, one of which with a cover c two shield-shaped, one side almost entirely covered with characters d two half-moons, also covered with characters e an oval container ( Ischm ), surely intended to carry gemstones Such chains with amulets are usually worn by children, especially during holidays.] 12 Subẖah (Rosenkranz aus Perlmutter) [Prayer beads with 100 pea-sized beads of mother of pearl, strung on a silken cord. The division of 2 x 33 and 1 x 34 pearls is achieved by inserting forward-projecting, elongated four-sided pieces of mother of pearl ( imām ). At the lower end the handle, a columnar peace of mother of pearl.] Inscriptions: Printed above image, in ink: XL Printed beneath image, in ink: Lower right corner: ‘ex. coll. auct.’ Lower left corner: ‘P.W.M. Trap exc.’ Extent and format 1 lithographic print Physical characteristics Dimensions: 250 x 198 mm Format: 1 lithographic print Condition: The print is in good condition. Foliation: ‘XL’ Written in German in Latin script ÇáãÕÏÑ: åäÇ |
Content Genre/Subject Matter This image shows a roughly due south facing view inside the Masjid al-Haram in Mecca during the Çalāt (prayers) and should be compared to Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje’s description of the Çalāt in volume II (1889) of his publication Mekka , p. 88: ‘[…] according to custom, the Imam chooses an extract from the Qur’an to be read during the Çalāt, which is accompanied by prostration; the solemnity is increased due to the fact that the ‘standing’ position of the congregation, which accompanies recitation during the Çalāt, is interrupted in a moment by an extraordinary prostration.’ The image should also be compared with the print from a photograph of a similar view (1781.b.6/2) published in Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje’s 1888 publication Bilder-Atlas zu Mekka . Also in view are: the Caaba; Gate of the Banī Shaybah; Building housing the Zamzam well; Stairs to the Caaba; Maqām Ibrahīm , which is also the Maqām el-Schāfi’ī’ ; Minbar; Maqām al-Mālikī ; outside of the Masjid al-Haram, the front-side of the Hamidiyah (likely a building constructed during the reign of the Ottoman Sultan Abdulhamid II) is visible; and a fortified structure known as ‘Jiyad Castle’, on the low hill in the background on the left.There are also several Ottoman-era buildings featuring intricate tile or brickwork visible outside the mosque. A large number of pilgrims, the majority of which are men, are shown standing and facing the Caaba. Arabic script written directly into the image has been erased subtly, but is visible upon close inspection in the lower centre of the image as well as in the central sky area of the image. Inscriptions Above image, on right, in ink: ‘I’ Lower centre and upper centre: illegible, partially erased Arabic script Temporal Context: Since the shadows beneath the feet of the pilgrims are not very deep and are angled fractionally to the east, it is likely the photograph was taken soon after midday. According to Durkje van der Wal in his publication Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje: The First Western Photographer in Mecca, 1884-1885 (Amsterdam : Manfred & Hanna Heiting Fund, Rijksmuseum, 2011, pp. 42-51), the photographs in this publication that pertain to the hadj (this image included) likely date to August 1888 since this was the period of the last hadj before February 1889, the date Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje received the final consignment of images. Extent and format 1 collotype print Physical characteristics Dimensions: 184 x 236 mm Format: Collotype print, pasted into volume Condition: The print is in good condition with minor surface dirt and light abrasions, though no surface losses in the lower right of centre. Foliation: ‘I’ Process: Collotype Written in Arabic in Arabic script ÇáãÕÏÑ: åäÇ |
Content Genre/Subject Matter This image shows a view over the city of Mecca from an elevated position east of the Masjid al-Haram, or Grand Mosque. Parts of the city due south of the mosque are visible in the middle ground. (Compare, for example, X463/1.) In the left of the image on the horizon, the fortified structure known as ‘Jiyad Castle’ is visible. The large building on the right is identified in the title as the ‘Hamidiyah’, a two-storey building which is described in the title of a photograph in Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje’s earlier publication of 1888, Bilder-Atlas zu Mekka (1781.b.6/4) as a government building built by Governor General Othman Pascha. This was likely constructed during the reign of the Ottoman Sultan Abdulhamid II (1876–1909) and was therefore relatively new. The two-storey pale-coloured building to the left of this is identified as the ‘printing house’ (cf. X463/6). Derelict or semi-derelict structures make up the foreground while hills rise in the background. This is the first of four photographs taken from the same vantage point, which form a panoramic view over the city of Mecca. The second, third and fourth are X463/3, X463/4 and X463/5 respectively. Inscriptions Above image, on the right, in ink: ‘II’ Lower centre and upper centre: Illegible, partially erased Arabic script Extent and format 1 collotype print Physical characteristics Dimensions: 190 x 243 mm Format: Collotype print, pasted into volume Condition: The print is in good condition with minor surface dirt and light abrasions, though no surface losses in the lower right of centre. Foliation: ‘II’ Process: Collotype Written in Arabic in Arabic script ÇáãÕÏÑ: åäÇ |
Content Genre/Subject Matter This image shows the Caaba and Sanctuary at Mecca from an elevated position due east of the Masjid al-Haram, or Grand Mosque. Parts of the northwest and southwest of the city of Mecca are visible in the middleground. (Compare, for example, ‘Picture of the City of Mecca the Great’ Photo 174/3 from almost the same vantage point.) Due to the relatively slow shutter speed used by the photographer, the movement of the pilgrims performing tawaf – the ritual of circumambulation of the Caaba seven times in a counter-clockwise direction during the hadj or umrah, starting from the black stone – is captured here as indistinct blurring of the figures closest to the Caaba on the left. There is a range of activity occurring through the mostly empty expanse around the Caaba. White, straight lines to the right and left of the Caaba as well as some activity near the cloisters on the right may indicate some form of construction work underway. A large two-storey building is situated immediately below the horizon on the foothills of the northern ridge. In the immediate foreground a wall or parapet is out of focus. Derelict or semi-derelict structures make up the lower left foreground while hills rise in the background. This is the second of four photographs taken from the same vantage point, which form a panoramic view over the city of Mecca. The first, third and fourth are X463/2, X463/4 and X463/5 respectively. The negative has had hand-work applied, creating a drawing-like quality. Inscriptions Above image, on the right, in ink: ‘III’ Lower centre and upper centre: Illegible, partially erased Arabic script Extent and format 1 collotype print Physical characteristics Dimensions: 186 x 240 mm Format: Collotype print, pasted into volume Condition: The print is in good condition with minor surface dirt and light abrasions, though no surface losses in the lower right of centre. Foliation: ‘III’ Process: Collotype Written in Arabic in Arabic script ÇáãÕÏÑ: åäÇ |
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